Plagiarism Policy

Definition

The Journal of Multidimensional Management (JoMM) expects all submitted work to respect the principles of originality, proper attribution, and responsible scholarly writing. Plagiarism occurs when another person's ideas, words, data, images, figures, code, findings, or other intellectual contributions are used without appropriate acknowledgement.

Plagiarism may take different forms. It includes direct copying without quotation or citation, paraphrasing that remains too close to the original source, combining unattributed material from several sources, and presenting another person's ideas, data, or findings as one's own.

JoMM also considers inappropriate reuse of an author's previously published work, including substantial text recycling, duplicate publication, redundant publication, or the fragmentation of substantially overlapping research, as potential publication misconduct when such practices misrepresent the originality of the manuscript.

The reuse of copyrighted figures, tables, photographs, research instruments, datasets, or other third-party materials must also comply with applicable copyright and permission requirements.

Similarity Screening

All submitted manuscripts undergo textual-similarity screening as part of the editorial assessment process. Additional checks may be carried out during revision or before publication when the editorial team considers them necessary.

JoMM does not judge plagiarism solely on the basis of a similarity percentage. Similarity reports are reviewed in context, with attention to where the overlap occurs, its source, its extent, the nature of the material involved, and whether appropriate attribution has been provided.

A manuscript may therefore require clarification or revision even when its overall similarity score is relatively low if problematic overlap is identified. Likewise, a higher similarity score does not automatically establish plagiarism when the matched material is legitimate, properly attributed, or related to standard scholarly or methodological language.

Author Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for ensuring that sources are acknowledged accurately and consistently. Quotations, paraphrased material, ideas, datasets, code, figures, tables, research instruments, and other material derived from previous work should be cited appropriately in accordance with JoMM's referencing requirements.

Any relevant prior dissemination of the manuscript or closely related work, including a preprint where applicable, should be disclosed during submission. Authors should also cite their own previously published work when it is reused or forms a substantive basis for the current manuscript.

Where copyrighted third-party material is reproduced or adapted, authors are responsible for securing permission when permission is required.

The use of generative artificial intelligence or AI-assisted technologies is governed separately by JoMM's Artificial Intelligence Policy. Undisclosed or inappropriate AI use may raise concerns about research or publication integrity, but it is not assessed solely through a similarity report.

Editorial Response to Suspected Plagiarism

When potentially problematic overlap is identified, the editorial team will consider the evidence and circumstances before reaching a decision. Authors may be asked to provide an explanation, supporting information, corrected attribution, or a revised manuscript.

The editorial response will depend on the nature and seriousness of the issue. Possible actions include requesting revision or proper citation, declining the manuscript, issuing a correction or expression of concern for published work, retracting an article where serious plagiarism or related misconduct is established, contacting an institution or other relevant body when warranted, or restricting future submissions in cases of serious or repeated misconduct.

JoMM seeks to handle such cases fairly and proportionately. An allegation or similarity report alone is not treated as proof of misconduct.

Acceptable Reuse and Overlap

Some textual overlap may occur legitimately, particularly in descriptions of standard methods, technical terminology, established reporting conventions, or language that cannot reasonably be expressed in substantially different ways. Such overlap should remain limited, accurate, and appropriately referenced where attribution is required.

Previously published figures, tables, instruments, or other copyrighted materials may be reused only when proper citation is provided and any necessary permission has been obtained.

A manuscript that has previously appeared on a disclosed non-peer-reviewed preprint platform is not, for that reason alone, considered plagiarised or redundantly published under JoMM's policies.

Concerns Identified After Publication

Concerns about plagiarism or inappropriate overlap may arise after an article has been published. In such cases, JoMM will review the matter in accordance with its Publication Ethics and applicable COPE guidance.

Where the integrity or reliability of the published record is affected, the journal may issue a correction, expression of concern, or retraction, depending on the evidence and seriousness of the case.

Appeals

Authors who believe that a plagiarism or overlap-related editorial decision was based on an error or misunderstanding may submit an appeal to the JoMM editorial office. The appeal should clearly explain the basis of the request and include relevant evidence where appropriate.

Where feasible, the appeal will be considered by an editor who was not directly responsible for the original decision. An appeal provides an oppor